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01. EC2 Storage Options

Amazon EC2 supports several storage options, each designed for different performance, durability, and cost requirements. These storage types can be combined to meet application-specific needs from high-performance computing to large-scale data storage.


🗂️ Type📝 Description🧱 DurabilityPerformance💡 Example
EBS (Elastic Block Store)Network-attached storage that persists independently of the EC2 instance.PersistentHigh (depends on volume type)Databases, file systems, application data
Instance StorePhysically attached storage providing very high I/O performance (local to the host).Ephemeral (lost when instance stops or terminates)Extremely HighCache, temporary files, buffer, scratch data
EFS (Elastic File System)Managed shared file system for Linux instances. Scales automatically as files are added or removed.PersistentModerateShared storage, web content, containerized workloads
S3 (Simple Storage Service)Object storage with 11 nines durability, infinite scalability, and low cost.PersistentVariableBackups, static websites, data lakes, logs
FSx (Amazon FSx)Fully managed file system service providing native Windows File Server and Lustre for HPC workloads.PersistentVery High (optimized for workload type)Windows apps, HPC, machine learning, data analytics

☁️ Amazon EC2 Storage Architecture

EC2 instances can attach to or interact with multiple storage types depending on requirements:

  • EBS Volumes → Persistent block storage over the network.
  • Instance Store → Local disks with ultra-fast I/O performance.
  • EFS → Elastic file system for Linux shared workloads.
  • FSx → Fully managed Windows or high-performance Lustre file system.
  • S3 → Object storage for backups, archives, and static data.